Hemivertebrectomy is a surgical procedure to correct congenital scoliosis caused by a hemivertebra, which is underdeveloped, by excising or removing the hemivertebra. It can be performed through a single-stage posterior approach or a combined anterior and posterior approach. Often a single level fusion is performed in conjunction with the excision and if performed early in childhood, can avoid complex multi-level fusions in later life.