Artificial disc replacement (ADR), often called total disc replacement or total disc arthroplasty, is a surgical treatment used to treat degenerative disc degeneration in the spine. Degenerative disc disease occurs when the discs between the vertebrae in the spine deteriorate, resulting in pain, stiffness, and reduced movement.
Artificial disc replacement surgery involves removing the damaged or degenerated disc and replacing it with an artificial disc device consisting of metal, plastic, or a mix of materials. The purpose of ADR is to keep the spine mobile and flexible while relieving pain and preserving stability.